2. Funami N, Tabei I, Sekine C, Fukuie A, Yabe M, Takeyama H, Okamoto T. Brust Hemangioma difficult to diagnose preoperatively: a case report. World journal Surgical Oncology. 2014; 12(1):1-4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4200173/
3. Kim JH, Jung H, Cho YU. Giant mixed hemangioma of the breast: A case report with imaging findings. Radiology Case Reports. 2023;18(5):1710 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9989314/
4. Mojtahedi FF, Bulut T, Oosterhof-Berktas R, Bezooijen R. 5 Hemangiomas in men's Chest. Medical Incident Journal. 2016; 7(8):323-5. https://www.journalmc.org/index.php/JMC/article/view/2578/1915
5. Classification | International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies [Internet]. Issva.org. 2023 [cited May 25, 2023]. Available at: https://www.issva.org/classification
6. Kaneda HJ, Mack J, Kasales CJ, Schetter. Breasts masses in Children and Adolescents: A review of pathophysiology, imaging, diagnosis, and treatment. AJR 2013; 200(2):204-12. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23345385/
7. Garcia CJ, Espinoza A, Dinamarca, Navarro O, Daneman A, Garcia H, et al. Breast US in children and adolescents Radiographics 2000; 20(6):1605–1612 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11112814/
8. Tilbe A, Maro R, Perez A, Santiago P. Breast hemangioma: correlation between imaging and pathological findings. Journal of Clinical Ultrasound. 2012; 40(8):512-7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22434703/
9. Conde DM, de Paula ÉC, Jares RM, de Paula HM, de Souza JA. clinical Palpable cavernous hemangioma in the breast of an 80-year-old woman. European magazine in Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. 2013; 167(2):236-7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23280280/
10. Kim SJ, Han HS, Kim JS, Park JH, Chung HJ, Lee JG. Cavernous hemangioma Breast parenchyma with abnormal features. Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. 2006; 25(10):1343-6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16998110/
11. Yoga A, Lyapichev KA, Bek D, Gomez-Fernandez CR. 2 Hemangiomas in men Breast: Case report and literature review. American Journal of Case Reports. 2018;19:1425. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6287655/
12. Jghaimi F, Baallal H, Fakhri A, Rais H, Karbout N, Akhdari N, Amal S, Belaabidia B. Curious vascular tumour. Case Reports in Dermatological Medicine. 2012 ;2012.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23227370/
13. Frey JD, Levine PG, Darvisian F, Shapiro RL. 1 Angiosarcoma of the breast masquerading as a hemangioma: exploring clinical and pathological diagnostic challenges. Plastic Surgery Archives. 2015; 42(02):261-3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4366719/
14. Jozefczyk MA, Rosen PP. Breast vascular tumours. 2 II. Perilobular Hemangioma and hemangioma. American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 1985; 9(7):491-503. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4091183/
15. Kondi-Pafiti A, Dellaportas D, Myoteri D, Tsagkas A, Ntakomyti E, Kairi-Vasilatou E. Rare non-epithelial primary breast neoplasms: 10 years of experience at a Greek university. Hospital. J. Buon. 2013; 18(1):70-6 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23613391/
16. Mesurolle B, Sygal V, Lalonde L, Lisbona A, Dufresne MP, Gagnon JH, Kao E. Ultrasonographic and mammographic appearance of breast hemangiomas. American journal Radiology. 2008; 191(1):17-22. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18562711/#:~:text=Conclusion%3A%20A%20mac%20 displaying%20an,the%20 possible%20 diagnosis%20of%20 hemangioma.
17. Marchuk DA. Pathogenesis of hemangioma. Clinical Research Journal. 2001 ;(6):665-6. https://www.jci.org/articles/view/12470
18. Rosen PP.vascular tumours of the breast: V. Nonparenchymal hemangioma of mammary subcutaneous tissues. American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 1985; 9(10):723-9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4061730/
19. Salemis NS. Breast sinusoidal hemangioma: diagnosis evaluation management and literature review. Gland surgery. 2017; 6(1):105-9. https://gs.amegroups.org/article/view/13177/html
20. Alwani AI, Schwartz MR, Riddle BC, Richard C, Ware LL. Haemangioma of the male breast: Presentation after a thorn injury.BJR/ Case Reports. 2021; 7(3)20200187. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8171138/
21. Lee SH, Cho N, Kim SJ, Cha JH, Cho KS, Ko ES, Moon WK. correlation between high-resolution dynamic MR features and prognostic factors of breast cancer. Korean Journal of Radiology. 2008; 9(1):10-8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2627175/
22. Bonifazi E, Mileti F. Congenital hemangioma. 25 New England Medical Journal. 1999; 340(14):1080 https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM199904083401405
23. Siebert B, Jacobs T, Baum JK. Ultrasonographic evaluation of subcutaneous hemangioma on the chest. 2 American Journal of Roentgenology. 2002; 178(4):1025-7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11906894/
24. Ameen R, Mandaria U, Mar AA, MacKenzie P. Breast hemangioma: MR appearance has histopathological correlation. Journal of Clinical Imaging Sciences. 2012; 2:53.4 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3440933/
25. Atiyeh BS, El Khatib AM, Dibo SA. Pressure garment therapy (PGT) of burn scars: evidence-based efficacy. Annals of burns and fire disasters. 2013;26(4):205.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3978593/
- Abstract viewed - 748 times
- WORD downloaded - 179 times
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright
© OA Adegboyega, M Abdulsalam, RI Osuoj, EF Emiogun, OT Ojo, 2024
Affiliations
OA Adegboyega
Department of Radiology, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Ikeja, Nigeria
M Abdulsalam
Department of Surgery, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Ikeja, Nigeria
RI Osuoj
Department of Surgery, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Ikeja, Nigeria
EF Emiogun
Department of Forensic Pathology, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Ikeja, Nigeria
OT Ojo
Department of Medicine, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Ikeja, Nigeria
How to Cite
BREAST HEMANGIOMA: A RARE TUMOUR PRESENTING AS A PALPABLE BREAST MASS IN A MALE CHILD
Vol 10 No 1 (2024): Volume 10 Number 1
Submitted: Apr 11, 2024
Published: Apr 11, 2024
Abstract
Background: Hemangioma of the breast is a rare benign variety of vascular tumours. They are usually small and most patients are asymptomatic. It is either diagnosed accidentally for different purposes (red herring) or at autopsies. Globally, there are scanty publications in the literature about this rare entity since the first publication in 1936.
Case: Our report focuses on the exceptional occurrence of this case, specifically in a male child who was just 9 years of age which is below the minimum age of occurrence in this gender reported in the literature. Ultrasound examination with Doppler interrogation reveals vague reports with a suspicion of malignancy. Mammography could not be performed because the dense mass would be obscured by the normal soft tissue density of the breast for the patient’s age. An extensive and complete surgical excision was performed due to the equivocal ultrasound findings. The insidious growth in tumour size and inclusive findings on aspiration cytology required open surgery with histology.
Conclusion: We present a case of the largest known breast benign hemangioma in a 9-year-old boy with equivocal ultrasound findings. The value of imaging in identifying the differential diagnosis of hemangioma cannot be overemphasised. However, the mainstay of diagnosis remains a histological biopsy, which revealed a benign breast hemangioma.
Keywords: hemangioma, breast cancer, rare vascular tumour, male breast